In the modern age, traditional public switched telephone networks have been superseded by a powerful convergence between telephone systems and the internet. VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) stems from that convergence. It is method for transmitting the voice sound signals in telephone calls over the internet using compressed packets of data. In effect voice sounds are converted to digital signals at the sender end, transmitted as digital data packets and then reconverted into sounds at the receiver end. The digital data packets contain the IP addresses of both the sender and the receiver. The old circuit switched networks had no need for this information as everything went along the same pre-determined route. In contrast, VoIP data traffic traverses the internet along different routes depending on congestion and other factors. This both adds flexibility to telephone communication and significantly reduces call costs.



Contemporary definitions of VoIP distinguish three main parts. Interior VoIP means each company?s own local ethernet connected phone systems. Of course the term ?interior? is slightly deceptive here as online users can be plugged in anywhere in the world with different extension numbers. Meanwhile Exterior VoIP is what routes calls to distant company locations or the traditional Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN). In effect this eliminates the need for separate phone lines, so users may not know they are using VoIP. The third part features hybrid technologies, where the service provider hosts the switch for the interior company and individual extensions come from the internet to the desktop.



VoIP has now become an important option in the world of telecommunications. So what are the advantages of this approach? The first is a scaling down of control, as IP telephony functions allow calls from virtually any computer. Not only can individual users call each other through P2P networks like Skype, but their machines can actually become PBX facilities, giving them complete control over call switching and other functionality. A second advantage of VoIP is mobility; as your PBX and telephones can be anywhere. A phone in a home study or overseas office works just like the one in the same room as your server. Using analog telephone adapters (ATAs) ordinary house phones can be connected to VoIP networks. The third and perhaps greatest advantage of VoIP is the ability to eliminate cost. A forth advantage of VoIP services is that the use of open source languages tools like Asterisk that can offer a wide variety of additional features from automatic routing (based on Caller ID) to call screening and voicemail. In that sense the anatomy of VoIP is as varied as each of its end user organizations. As providers move in to the market to offer business voip solutions and asterisk training, the phenomenon is set to continue to grow.





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